Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors
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| Formato: | Online |
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
2019
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/13281 |
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VETERINARIA132812021-11-26T05:13:34Z Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors Periosteo: La fuente olvidada de osteoprogenitores Stewart, Matthew Bone is one of the few tissues capable of authentic regenerative repair. However, despite advances in surgical technique, orthopaedic hardware and our understanding of fracture biology, inadequate bone repair remains a major concern in both veterinary and human medicine. Cell-based technologies provide opportunities to utilize the osteogenic capacities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) to augment bone repair. Much of the research on MSC biology has focused on cells derived from the bone marrow/endosteal compartment; however, osteoprogenitor cells (OPC) also reside in the periosteum. Periosteum develops as a fibro-cellular envelope surrounding developing skeletal elements. The inner, or cambium layer of periosteum, includes committed OPCs directly adjacent the bone surface, and a distinct sub-population of progenitors within the periosteal mid-substance that retain both chondrogenic and osteogenic capacities. During skeletogenesis, periosteal OPCs are responsible for appositional intramembranous bone formation that increases the radial diameter of long bones. Of critical importance, periosteal stem cells are the predominant cell population responsible for generating the cartilaginous or ‘soft’ callus that provides intermediate stabilization and a scaffold for subsequent callus ossification by endochondral ossification; the primary mechanism of bone repair. In recent experiments using isolates from ‘donor-matched’ periosteum and bone marrow, we have found that the basal osteogenic capacity of equine OPCs is considerably less than that of bone marrow-derived MSCs. Periosteal OPCs require exogenous Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) for robust osteogenesis, a finding consistent with the clinical responses of bone to recombinant BMP protein. Perhaps more surprising, the osteogenic capacity of adult (2-10 years of age) OPCs is comparable to those of young foals’, although the cell yield is considerably greater from foal specimens. In light of the vital importance of callus formation for successful fracture healing of most, further research on the biology and clinical manipulation of periosteal OPCs is highly warranted. Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica 2019-12-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text Documentos application/pdf text/html application/epub+zip https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/13281 10.15359/rcv.37-3.7 Ciencias Veterinarias; Vol 37 No 3 (2019): Suplement: First Symposium on Regenerative Medicine and Nanotechnology; 22-23 Ciencias Veterinarias; Vol. 37 Núm. 3 (2019): Suplemento: Simposio de Medicina Regenerativa y Nanotecnología; 22-23 2215-4507 0250-5649 eng https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/13281/18619 https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/13281/18678 https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/13281/18691 Copyright (c) 2019 Revista Ciencias Veterinarias https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/ |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica |
| collection |
Ciencias Veterinarias |
| language |
eng |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Stewart, Matthew |
| spellingShingle |
Stewart, Matthew Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| author_facet |
Stewart, Matthew |
| author_sort |
Stewart, Matthew |
| title |
Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| title_short |
Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| title_full |
Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| title_fullStr |
Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Periosteum: The forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| title_sort |
periosteum: the forgotten source of osteoprogenitors |
| title_alt |
Periosteo: La fuente olvidada de osteoprogenitores |
| publisher |
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| url |
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/13281 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT stewartmatthew periosteumtheforgottensourceofosteoprogenitors AT stewartmatthew periosteolafuenteolvidadadeosteoprogenitores |
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