ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL
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Universidad de Costa Rica
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/RDMCP/article/view/57404 |
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RDMCP574042023-11-01T16:44:43Z ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL LA PERICIA ODONTOLÓGICA FORENSE EN EL PROCESO PENAL COSTARRICENSE: A PROPÓSITO DE LA VALORACIÓN PROBATORIA SOBRE EL ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE HUELLAS DE MORDEDURA Jiménez Solano, Francisco This article aims to examine some general aspects of bitemark forensic analysis, considering its development by forensic odontology. Forensic bitemark comparison has been the subject of strong criticism within academic literature in the United States, concerning the methodology used, the reliability of the results and the premises based to provide some sort of scientific support. The relevance of said debate lies in the exposure of wrongful convictions based on bitermark analysis, when other scientific evidence (such as DNA) has proven the innocence of the convicted and managed their exoneration. In Costa Rica, bitemark analysis is not widely used, and it hasn’t been used in legal precedents, resulting in a limitation to examine the reasoning when evaluating said evidence. However, it’s a possibility within the Forensic Odontology Unit of the Judiciary Branch. Hence, it is relevant to appreciate the objections that have been raised in other latitudes, to ensure a correct assessment and the proper use of the legal mechanisms made available to attorneys who must question it. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar algunos aspectos generales del análisis comparativo de huellas de mordedura, dentro del universo de pericias practicadas por la odontología forense. Dicho análisis comparativo ha sido objeto de fuertes críticas por la literatura académica en los Estados Unidos, donde se ha cuestionado la metodología utilizada, la fiabilidad de sus resultados y las premisas de las cuales se parte para darle una suerte de sustento científico. La discusión ha adquirido especial relevancia a partir de la exoneración de personas condenadas penalmente con fundamento en comparaciones de huellas de mordeduras con impresiones dentales, una vez prueba científica de mayor entidad (como el ADN) ha permitido corroborar su inocencia. En Costa Rica, no es una probanza ampliamente utilizada, y no se cuenta con ejemplos en la jurisprudencia que permitan examinar el razonamiento probatorio al valorarla. Sin embargo, el Organismo de Investigación Judicial cuenta con una Unidad de Odontología Forense y dicho análisis comparativo dentro de las pericias que pueden practicarse. De allí que sea relevante apreciar las objeciones que se le han planteado en otras latitudes, para procurar una correcta valoración y el uso adecuado de los mecanismos procesales puestos a disposición de los profesionales en Derecho que deban cuestionarla. Universidad de Costa Rica 2023-11-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Article application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document application/pdf https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/RDMCP/article/view/57404 Revista Digital de Ciencias Penales de Costa Rica; No. 3 (34) (15) (2023): Revista Digital de Ciencias Penales de Costa Rica Revista Digital de Ciencias Penales de Costa Rica; Núm. 3 (34) (15) (2023): Revista Digital de Ciencias Penales de Costa Rica 2215-6704 2215-6704 spa https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/RDMCP/article/view/57404/57909 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/RDMCP/article/view/57404/57910 |
institution |
Universidad de Costa Rica |
collection |
Revista Digital de Ciencias Penales de Costa Rica |
language |
spa |
format |
Online |
author |
Jiménez Solano, Francisco |
spellingShingle |
Jiménez Solano, Francisco ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL |
author_facet |
Jiménez Solano, Francisco |
author_sort |
Jiménez Solano, Francisco |
title |
ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL |
title_short |
ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL |
title_full |
ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL |
title_fullStr |
ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL |
title_full_unstemmed |
ORENSIC ODONTOLOGY EXPERT TESTIMONY IN THE COSTA RICAN CRIMINAL PROCESS: FORENSIC BITEMARK EXAMINATION AND ITS ANALYSIS IN TRIAL |
title_sort |
orensic odontology expert testimony in the costa rican criminal process: forensic bitemark examination and its analysis in trial |
title_alt |
LA PERICIA ODONTOLÓGICA FORENSE EN EL PROCESO PENAL COSTARRICENSE: A PROPÓSITO DE LA VALORACIÓN PROBATORIA SOBRE EL ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE HUELLAS DE MORDEDURA |
publisher |
Universidad de Costa Rica |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/RDMCP/article/view/57404 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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