Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México
Introduction: The characteristics of coastal wetlands are the result of hydrogeomorphological interactions between the continent and the ocean, which cause an environmental gradient, hat results in different vegetation types such as mangroves, freshwater marshes, swamp forests and palm swamps. Objec...
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| Formato: | Online |
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Universidad de Costa Rica
2020
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616 |
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RBT37616 |
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ojs |
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Universidad de Costa Rica |
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Revista de Biología Tropical |
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spa |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Rincón Pérez, Matilde Infante-Mata, Dulce Moreno-Casasola, Patricia Hernández Alarcón, María Elizabeth Barbas Macías, Everardo García-Alfaro, José Rubén |
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Rincón Pérez, Matilde Infante-Mata, Dulce Moreno-Casasola, Patricia Hernández Alarcón, María Elizabeth Barbas Macías, Everardo García-Alfaro, José Rubén Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México |
| author_facet |
Rincón Pérez, Matilde Infante-Mata, Dulce Moreno-Casasola, Patricia Hernández Alarcón, María Elizabeth Barbas Macías, Everardo García-Alfaro, José Rubén |
| author_sort |
Rincón Pérez, Matilde |
| description |
Introduction: The characteristics of coastal wetlands are the result of hydrogeomorphological interactions between the continent and the ocean, which cause an environmental gradient, hat results in different vegetation types such as mangroves, freshwater marshes, swamp forests and palm swamps. Objective: To characterize the hydroperiod and physicochemical variables of water and soil and their effect on the distribution of vegetation in the Sistema de Humedales El Castaño. Methods: A total of 11 permanent sampling units (UM) were established by defined strata: five in the mangrove, two in swamp forest, two in freshwater marshes and two in the flooded pasture. From May 2016 to October 2017 the vegetation was characterized and the water levels and physicochemical parameters (superficial, interstitial and groundwater) were sampled monthly for: salinity, and pH; and the soil for: bulk density, humidity percentage, and redox potential. Results: Mangroves are the closest to the sea, have the lowest diversity (H: 1.66) and species richness (14), they are dominated by Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle, have the highest values of interstitial and groundwater salinity, (> 10.8 ups), remain flooded for 4 to 12 months per year, and have a redox potential of 14.57 mV. Immediately, inland, there are remnants of the swamp forests (H: 2.18 and 18 species), dominated by Pachira aquatica, with 5 ups interstitial and groundwater salinity, flooded from 0 to 6 months per year, with a redox potential of 119.07 mV. These forests are followed inland by freshwater marshes (H: 1.92 and 16 species), dominated by Typha domingensis with 6.1 ups interstitial and groundwater salinity, flooded for 5 to 8 months per year and a redox potential of 125.9 mV. Finally, furthest inland is the flooded pasture, a modified herbaceous wetland for cattle grazing (H: 3.44 and 50 species) dominated by Paspalum conjugatum, where interstitial and groundwater salinity is less than 0.5 ups, it stays flooded for 5 to 9 months and the redox potential is 151.23 mV. Conclusions: In each type of vegetation, the structure, composition, and diversity are different, with a high turnover of species that indicates a gradient defined by salinity. The vegetation in the SHC follows the patterns of typical organization of the tropical coastal wetlands, mangroves, swamp forests and herbaceous wetlands, in this case the freshwater marshes and flooded pastures. The factor that define the distribution of the vegetation is the salinity and the gradient that is observed are a function of the hydrological dynamics that depends on the mixing of marine and freshwater. |
| title |
Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México |
| title_short |
Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México |
| title_full |
Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México |
| title_fullStr |
Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México |
| title_sort |
patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros el castaño, chiapas, méxico |
| title_alt |
Distribution patterns and vegetation structure in the coastal wetland gradient in the Castaño, Chiapas, Mexico |
| publisher |
Universidad de Costa Rica |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616 |
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RBT376162023-11-09T20:01:35Z Distribution patterns and vegetation structure in the coastal wetland gradient in the Castaño, Chiapas, Mexico Patrones de distribución y estructura de la vegetación en el gradiente de humedales costeros El Castaño, Chiapas, México Rincón Pérez, Matilde Infante-Mata, Dulce Moreno-Casasola, Patricia Hernández Alarcón, María Elizabeth Barbas Macías, Everardo García-Alfaro, José Rubén gradiente ambiental hidrófilas turbera tropical humedal modificado hidrología diversidad conectividad environmental gradients hydrophytes tropical peat modified wetland hydrology diversity connectivity Introducción: Las características de los humedales costeros son resultado de las interacciones hidrogeomorfológicas entre el continente y el océano, que causan un gradiente ambiental, que resulta en diferentes tipos de vegetación como manglares, popales, tulares, selvas y palmares inundables. Objetivo: Caracterizar las variables del hidroperiodo y fisicoquímicas del agua y suelo para determinar la relación que existe en el patrón de distribución de la vegetación en el Sistema de Humedales El Castaño (SHC). Metodología: Se establecieron 11 unidades de muestreo (UM) permanentes por estrato definidos: cinco en el manglar, dos en selvas inundables, dos en tular y dos en pastizal inundable. De mayo 2016 a octubre 2017 se caracterizó la vegetación y se muestreó mensualmente los niveles de inundación y parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua (superficial, intersticial y subterránea): salinidad, conductividad y pH; y el suelo: densidad aparente, porcentaje de humedad y potencial redox. Resultados: El manglar es el más cercano al mar, tiene la menor diversidad (H:1.66) y especies registradas (14), está dominado por Laguncularia racemosa y Rhizophora mangle y tiene los valores más altos de salinidad intersticial y subterránea, mayores a 10.8 ups, se mantiene inundado de 4 a 12 meses, su potencial redox es de 14.57 mV. Seguido está el manglar, tierra adentro, se ubican los remanentes de la selva inundable, (H:2.18 y 18 especies), dominada por Pachira aquatica, la salinidad intersticial y subterránea de 4.95 ups, permanece inundada de 0 a 6 meses y el potencial redox es de 119.07 mV. El tular, después de la selva, (H:1.92 y 16 especies), dominado por Typha domingensis, salinidad intersticial y subterránea de 6.1 ups, el tiempo de inundación es de 5 a 8 meses y potencial redox es de 125.9 mV. El pastizal inundable, con menor influencia marina, es un humedal herbáceo modificado para uso ganadero, presentó los valores más altos de diversidad (H:3.44 y 50 especies), Paspalum conjugatum es la especie dominante, la salinidad intersticial y subterránea es menor a 0.5 ups, se mantiene inundado de 5 a 9 meses y el potencial redox es de 151.23 mV. Conclusiones: En cada tipo de vegetación, la estructura, composición y diversidad es diferente, con un alto recambio de especies que indica un gradiente definido por la salinidad. Introduction: The characteristics of coastal wetlands are the result of hydrogeomorphological interactions between the continent and the ocean, which cause an environmental gradient, hat results in different vegetation types such as mangroves, freshwater marshes, swamp forests and palm swamps. Objective: To characterize the hydroperiod and physicochemical variables of water and soil and their effect on the distribution of vegetation in the Sistema de Humedales El Castaño. Methods: A total of 11 permanent sampling units (UM) were established by defined strata: five in the mangrove, two in swamp forest, two in freshwater marshes and two in the flooded pasture. From May 2016 to October 2017 the vegetation was characterized and the water levels and physicochemical parameters (superficial, interstitial and groundwater) were sampled monthly for: salinity, and pH; and the soil for: bulk density, humidity percentage, and redox potential. Results: Mangroves are the closest to the sea, have the lowest diversity (H: 1.66) and species richness (14), they are dominated by Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle, have the highest values of interstitial and groundwater salinity, (> 10.8 ups), remain flooded for 4 to 12 months per year, and have a redox potential of 14.57 mV. Immediately, inland, there are remnants of the swamp forests (H: 2.18 and 18 species), dominated by Pachira aquatica, with 5 ups interstitial and groundwater salinity, flooded from 0 to 6 months per year, with a redox potential of 119.07 mV. These forests are followed inland by freshwater marshes (H: 1.92 and 16 species), dominated by Typha domingensis with 6.1 ups interstitial and groundwater salinity, flooded for 5 to 8 months per year and a redox potential of 125.9 mV. Finally, furthest inland is the flooded pasture, a modified herbaceous wetland for cattle grazing (H: 3.44 and 50 species) dominated by Paspalum conjugatum, where interstitial and groundwater salinity is less than 0.5 ups, it stays flooded for 5 to 9 months and the redox potential is 151.23 mV. Conclusions: In each type of vegetation, the structure, composition, and diversity are different, with a high turnover of species that indicates a gradient defined by salinity. The vegetation in the SHC follows the patterns of typical organization of the tropical coastal wetlands, mangroves, swamp forests and herbaceous wetlands, in this case the freshwater marshes and flooded pastures. The factor that define the distribution of the vegetation is the salinity and the gradient that is observed are a function of the hydrological dynamics that depends on the mixing of marine and freshwater. Universidad de Costa Rica 2020-03-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Article application/pdf text/html application/pdf application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616 10.15517/rbt.v68i1.37616 Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 68 No. 1 (2020): Revista de Biología Tropical (Int. J. Trop. Biol.): Continuous publication, January - March 2020; 242–259 Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 68 Núm. 1 (2020): Revista de Biología Tropical (Int. J. Trop. Biol.): Publicación continua, Enero - Marzo 2020; 242–259 Revista Biología Tropical; Vol. 68 N.º 1 (2020): Revista de Biología Tropical (Int. J. Trop. Biol.): Continuous publication, January - March 2020; 242–259 2215-2075 0034-7744 10.15517/rbt.v68i1 spa https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616/41259 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616/41297 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616/41260 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/37616/41298 Copyright (c) 2020 Matilde Rincón Pérez, Patricia Moreno-Casasola, María Elizabeth Hernández Alarcón, Everardo Barbas Macías, José Rubén García-Alfaro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |