Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)

Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)

Con base en nuevos hallazgos paleontológicos hechos en el sur de China se analiza la controversia sobre la "explosión del Cámbrico" que supuestamente incluyó un gran aumento en la diversidad morfológica, con la aparición de muchos filos que posteriormente se extinguieron . Se compara las c...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Monge-Nájera, Julián, Hou, Xianguang
Format: Online
Language:eng
Published: Universidad de Costa Rica 2000
Online Access:https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/18718
id RBT18718
record_format ojs
institution Universidad de Costa Rica
collection Revista de Biología Tropical
language eng
format Online
author Monge-Nájera, Julián
Hou, Xianguang
spellingShingle Monge-Nájera, Julián
Hou, Xianguang
Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
author_facet Monge-Nájera, Julián
Hou, Xianguang
author_sort Monge-Nájera, Julián
description Con base en nuevos hallazgos paleontológicos hechos en el sur de China se analiza la controversia sobre la "explosión del Cámbrico" que supuestamente incluyó un gran aumento en la diversidad morfológica, con la aparición de muchos filos que posteriormente se extinguieron . Se compara las comunidades fósiles de Cheng-yiang (China) y Burgess S hale (Canadá) con una comunidad marina similar moderna (Punta Morales, Costa Rica) y con una comunidad terrestre moderna (Coronado, Costa Rica) que al igual que los dos depósitos fosilíferos incluye al filo Onychophora. Se concluye que ( 1 ) durante el Cámbrico las comunidades costeras tropicales eran similares a las modernas al punto de que incluso los índices de biodiversidad y equitabilidad eran semejantes a los actuales; (2) la diversidad morfológica y distribución geográfica de los onicóforos indican una larga historia evolutiva precámbrica que no apoya el modelo de la "explosión"; (3) las diferencias morfológicas entre filos no eran tan importantes como predice el modelo de "explosión seguida de extinción", pero en la caso de los onicóforos, la diversidad morfológica dentro del jilo era mayor en el Cámbrico que en la actualidad, y su reducción puede haber estado asociada con la migración al interior del sedimento al evolucionar depredadores de tamaño relativamente grande.
title Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
title_short Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
title_full Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
title_fullStr Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
title_full_unstemmed Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
title_sort disparity, decimation and the cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady cambrian and present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (onychophora)
title_alt Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora)
publisher Universidad de Costa Rica
publishDate 2000
url https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/18718
work_keys_str_mv AT mongenajerajulian disparitydecimationandthecambrianexplosioncomparisonofeadycambrianandpresentfaunalcommunitieswithemphasisonvelvetwormsonychophora
AT houxianguang disparitydecimationandthecambrianexplosioncomparisonofeadycambrianandpresentfaunalcommunitieswithemphasisonvelvetwormsonychophora
_version_ 1810114759373094912
spelling RBT187182022-06-13T17:49:51Z Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora) Disparity, decimation and the Cambrian "explosion": comparison of eady Cambrian and Present faunal communities with emphasis on velvet worms (Onychophora) Monge-Nájera, Julián Hou, Xianguang disparity decimation "explosion" community ecology feeding habitat fossil metazoa evolulion chengjiang burgess shale cambrian recent Costa Rica The controversy about a Cambrian " explosion" of morphological disparity (followed by decimation), eladogenesis and fossilization is of central importanee for the history of life. This p aper revisits the controversy (with emphasis in onychophorans, which inelude emblematic organisms such as Hallucigenia), presents new data about the Chengjiang (Cambrian of China) faunal community and compares it and Ihe Burgess Shale (Cambrian of Canada) with an ecologically similar bul modern tropical marine site where onychophorans are absent, and with a modern neo tropical terrestrial onychophoran community. B i ovolume was estimated from material collected in Costa Rica and morphometric measurements were made on enlarged images of fossils. CaJTlbrian tropical mudflats were characterized by the adaptive radiation of two contrasting groups: the vagile arthropods and the sessile poriferans. Arthropods were later replaced as the dominant benthic laxon by polychaetes. Vagility and the exoskeleton may explain the success of arthropods from the Cambrian to the modern marine and terrestrial communities, both in population and biovolume. Food ecological displacement was apparen t i n the B. Shale, but not in Chengjiang or the terrestrial community. When only hard parts were preserved, marine and terrestrial fossil deposits of tropical origin are even less representative than deposits produced by temperate taxa, Chengjiang being an exception. Nutrient limitations might explain why deposit feeding is less important in terrestrial onychophoran communities, where carnivory, scavenging and omnivory (associated with high motility and life over the substrate) became moreimportant. Fossil morphometry supports the interpretation of "lobopod animal s" as onychophorans, whose abundance in Chengjiang was equal lo their abundance in modern communities. The extinction of marine onychophorans may reflect domination of the infaunal habitat by polychaetes. We conclude tha! ( 1 ) a mature ecological community structure was generalized during the Cambrian, and even biodiversity and equitability indices were surprisingly elose lo modern values; (2) the morphological diversity and geographic distribution of onychophorans indicate a significant pre-Cambrian evolutionary history which does no! support the "explosion" hypothesis; (3) disparity among phyla was not as important as the explosion-decimation model predicIs, bu! in the case of onychophorans, disparíty wÍlhin the phylum was greater than it is today and ¡ts reduction may have been associated with migration into the sedi ment when large predators evolved. Con base en nuevos hallazgos paleontológicos hechos en el sur de China se analiza la controversia sobre la "explosión del Cámbrico" que supuestamente incluyó un gran aumento en la diversidad morfológica, con la aparición de muchos filos que posteriormente se extinguieron . Se compara las comunidades fósiles de Cheng-yiang (China) y Burgess S hale (Canadá) con una comunidad marina similar moderna (Punta Morales, Costa Rica) y con una comunidad terrestre moderna (Coronado, Costa Rica) que al igual que los dos depósitos fosilíferos incluye al filo Onychophora. Se concluye que ( 1 ) durante el Cámbrico las comunidades costeras tropicales eran similares a las modernas al punto de que incluso los índices de biodiversidad y equitabilidad eran semejantes a los actuales; (2) la diversidad morfológica y distribución geográfica de los onicóforos indican una larga historia evolutiva precámbrica que no apoya el modelo de la "explosión"; (3) las diferencias morfológicas entre filos no eran tan importantes como predice el modelo de "explosión seguida de extinción", pero en la caso de los onicóforos, la diversidad morfológica dentro del jilo era mayor en el Cámbrico que en la actualidad, y su reducción puede haber estado asociada con la migración al interior del sedimento al evolucionar depredadores de tamaño relativamente grande. Universidad de Costa Rica 2000-07-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Article application/pdf https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/18718 10.15517/rbt.v48i2-3.18718 Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 48 No. 2-3 (2000): Volume 48 – Regular number 2-3 – June 2000; 333–351 Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 48 Núm. 2-3 (2000): Volumen 48 – Numero regular 2-3 – Junio 2000; 333–351 Revista Biología Tropical; Vol. 48 N.º 2-3 (2000): Volume 48 – Regular number 2-3 – June 2000; 333–351 2215-2075 0034-7744 10.15517/rbt.v48i2-3 eng https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/18718/18871 Copyright (c) 2000 Revista de Biología Tropical http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Similar Items