Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica

Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica

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This article presents a landscape and biological characterization of urban green areas (UGA) of the Bermudez River micro-basin located in the province of Heredia, Costa Rica. This characterization is based on a classification according to criteria for the use of these green spaces, where landscape a...

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Autores principales: Romero Vargas, Marilyn, Bermúdez-Rojas, Tania, Durán-Apuy, Alejandro, Alfaro-Sánchez, Marvin, Bonilla-Soto, Sebastián
Formato: Online
Idioma:eng
Publicado: Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica 2022
Acceso en línea:https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853
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institution Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
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language eng
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author Romero Vargas, Marilyn
Bermúdez-Rojas, Tania
Durán-Apuy, Alejandro
Alfaro-Sánchez, Marvin
Bonilla-Soto, Sebastián
spellingShingle Romero Vargas, Marilyn
Bermúdez-Rojas, Tania
Durán-Apuy, Alejandro
Alfaro-Sánchez, Marvin
Bonilla-Soto, Sebastián
Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica
author_facet Romero Vargas, Marilyn
Bermúdez-Rojas, Tania
Durán-Apuy, Alejandro
Alfaro-Sánchez, Marvin
Bonilla-Soto, Sebastián
author_sort Romero Vargas, Marilyn
description This article presents a landscape and biological characterization of urban green areas (UGA) of the Bermudez River micro-basin located in the province of Heredia, Costa Rica. This characterization is based on a classification according to criteria for the use of these green spaces, where landscape attributes such as quantity, average size, total area and condition of land cover are described; and biological attributes such as richness of species, genera and families, percentages of exotic and native species are identified by UGA category. Geospatial data was used in the case of the landscape component, obtained from municipalities, as well as photointerpretation and generation of own cartography. For assessing the biological component, field samplings, consultation with experts, and secondary sources through an exhaustive review of scientific literature and of online databases was employed. The results show that 8.95% (664.68 ha) of the total UGAs present in the micro-basin is dedicated to biodiversity conservation, protection of water resources and recreation, while private UGAs destined to crops and pastures almost quadruple the former (31.33%; 2,325.81 ha). 1,029 species of trees, shrubs, herbs, climbing plants, etc. were identified, with gardens and streets contributing the most species. Vertebrate fauna is dominated by birds, followed by reptiles, amphibians and finally mammals. In conclusion, the UGAs present in the study area show significant landscape and biological differences in terms of quantity, size, spatial distribution, floristic and fauna richness, and UGAs form a green web that provides ecosystem services to the city.
title Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica
title_short Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica
title_full Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica
title_fullStr Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica
title_full_unstemmed Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica
title_sort green urban areas, a landscape and biological characterization applied to a micro-basin of the great metropolitan area of costa rica
title_alt Áreas verdes urbanas, una caracterización paisajística y biológica aplicada a una microcuenca de la Gran Área Metropolitana de Costa Rica
publisher Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
publishDate 2022
url https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853
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spelling GEOGRAFIA168532022-07-26T01:33:42Z Áreas verdes urbanas, una caracterización paisajística y biológica aplicada a una microcuenca de la Gran Área Metropolitana de Costa Rica Green Urban Areas, a Landscape and Biological Characterization Applied to a Micro-basin of the Great Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica Romero Vargas, Marilyn Bermúdez-Rojas, Tania Durán-Apuy, Alejandro Alfaro-Sánchez, Marvin Bonilla-Soto, Sebastián Este artículo presenta una caracterización paisajística y biológica de las áreas verdes urbanas (AVU) de la microcuenca del río Bermúdez, provincia de Heredia, Costa Rica. Esta caracterización se basa en una clasificación según criterios de uso de estos espacios verdes, donde se describen atributos paisajísticos como cantidad, tamaño promedio, área total y condición de cobertura de la tierra; y atributos biológicos como riqueza de especies, géneros y familias, porcentajes de especies exóticas y nativas por categoría de AVU. Se utilizaron datos geoespaciales en el caso del componente paisajístico, provenientes de los municipios, así como fotointerpretación y generación de cartografía propia, y, para el componente biológico, muestreos de campo y consultas a expertos, fuentes secundarias mediante una revisión exhaustiva de literatura científica y de las bases de datos en línea. Los resultados muestran que existe 8.95% (664.68 ha) del área total de la microcuenca dedicada a las AVU de conservación de la biodiversidad, de protección del recurso hídrico y de recreación, mientras que la categoría AVU privadas dedicadas a cultivos y pasturas casi cuadriplica las primeras (31.33%; 2 325.81 ha). Se identificó 1 029 especies de árboles, arbustos, hierbas, trepadora, etc., siendo los jardines y calles los que aportan más especies. La fauna de vertebrados está dominada por las aves, seguida por reptiles, anfibios y por último los mamíferos. En conclusión, las AVU del área de estudio muestran diferencias paisajísticas y biológicas importantes en cuanto a cantidad, tamaño, distribución espacial, riqueza florística y faunística, y que en su conjunto forman una trama verde que aporta servicios ecosistémicos a la ciudad. This article presents a landscape and biological characterization of urban green areas (UGA) of the Bermudez River micro-basin located in the province of Heredia, Costa Rica. This characterization is based on a classification according to criteria for the use of these green spaces, where landscape attributes such as quantity, average size, total area and condition of land cover are described; and biological attributes such as richness of species, genera and families, percentages of exotic and native species are identified by UGA category. Geospatial data was used in the case of the landscape component, obtained from municipalities, as well as photointerpretation and generation of own cartography. For assessing the biological component, field samplings, consultation with experts, and secondary sources through an exhaustive review of scientific literature and of online databases was employed. The results show that 8.95% (664.68 ha) of the total UGAs present in the micro-basin is dedicated to biodiversity conservation, protection of water resources and recreation, while private UGAs destined to crops and pastures almost quadruple the former (31.33%; 2,325.81 ha). 1,029 species of trees, shrubs, herbs, climbing plants, etc. were identified, with gardens and streets contributing the most species. Vertebrate fauna is dominated by birds, followed by reptiles, amphibians and finally mammals. In conclusion, the UGAs present in the study area show significant landscape and biological differences in terms of quantity, size, spatial distribution, floristic and fauna richness, and UGAs form a green web that provides ecosystem services to the city. Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica 2022-04-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Evaluado por pares application/pdf text/html application/epub+zip audio/mpeg https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853 10.15359/rgac.69-2.2 Geographical Journal of Central America; Vol 2 No 69 (2022): Revista Geográfica de América Central; 49 - 74 Revista Geográfica de América Central; Vol. 2 Núm. 69 (2022): Revista Geográfica de América Central; 49 - 74 Revista Geográfica da América Central; v. 2 n. 69 (2022): Revista Geográfica de América Central; 49 - 74 2215-2563 1011-484X eng https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853/24695 https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853/24696 https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853/24697 https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/geografica/article/view/16853/24698 Derechos de autor 2022 Marilyn Romero Vargas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.es

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